Modelo de compartimentación de la absorción de explosivos de suelos para determinar su destino ambiental
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47741/17943108.184Palabras clave:
municiones, explosivos, ambiente, entornoResumen
El objeto de esta investigación consistió en identificar las principales características de suelo que influyen en la adsorción de constituyentes de municiones (CM) en suelos, mediante un modelo de compartimentación, para determinar el destino de esos explosivos. Para hacerlo, se llevaron a cabo experimentos de lote ("batch experiments"), de relaciones de cerca de 1:1 (w/v) entre suelo y solución, que reflejaban condiciones de campo, empleando una mezcla de HMX, RDX, nitroglicerina (NG), nitroguanidina (NQ), TNT y 2,4-dinitrotolueno como CM, en donde la mezcla de CM fue adsorbida en veinticinco suelos diferentes, que variaban desde 4,0 a 43,2 % de contenido de arcilla y de 0,07 a 18,23 % de carbono total, en un experimento que implicó dos días de adsorción seguidos por cuatro pasos consecutivos de desorción. El resultado más importante consistió en que para cada CM, incluso en una mezcla, se predijeron exitosamente los coeficientes de partición empleando el carbono orgánico, la capacidad de intercambio catiónico y hierro extraíble, como características principales del suelo que determinan el destino de tales explosivos.
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