Combatting the financing of terrorism in conflict (war) conditions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47741/17943108.524Keywords:
Financing, terrorism, Countermeasures, Money laundering, financial intelligence units, fight against terrorismAbstract
The scientific article analyses modern terrorist threats in the territory of Ukraine, associated with the active use of financial assets, the latest technologies and innovative financial instruments, in particular cryptocurrencies. The positive experience of legislative initiatives and advanced practices of several foreign countries in combatting the legalisation of funds by illegal means and the financing of terrorism is highlighted. The problems of implementation of state policy in this sphere are revealed. Based on this, ways of improving the system of fighting terrorism in Ukraine on the international and national levels have been determined. It was concluded that the basis of the state policy in the field of combatting terrorism during the period of martial law and in the post-war period in Ukraine should be the development of the Strategy for Combatting Terrorism in Ukraine, which should take into account both the best world practices and the modern realities of waging war in the conditions of supporting terrorism with financial infusions.
Downloads
References
Antiterrorism law in Poland. (2022). http://polomedia.ru/news/sobytiya/antiterr oristicheskiy-zakon-vpolshe-2016.
Babenko, M. (2022). Stamp for the Russian Federation. How the FATF can help Ukraine and the “Marshall Plan“. https://focus.ua/uk/economics/511006-kakfatf-mozhet-pomoch-ukraine-i-planu-marshalla
Bonanate, L. (1979). Terrorism and international analysis. Terrorism: An International Journal, 3(1–2), 47-53.
Clarification regarding the legality of the use of the “virtual currency/cryptocurrency” Bitcoin in Ukraine (2014). https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/n0435500-14#Text
Combatting the Financing of Terrorism: Investopedia. (2020). https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/combating-financing-terrorism-cft.asp
Criminal Code of Ukraine. Law of Ukraine. April 5, 2001. № 2341-III. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2341-14
FATF. ANNUAL REPORT 20202021. https://www.fatf-gafi.org/publications/fatfgeneral/documents/annualreport-2020-2021.html
Financing of terrorism. (2020). Council of Europe. https://www.coe.int/en/web/moneyval/implementation/financing$terrorism
Foreign experience in countering terrorism: conclusions for Ukraine. (2017). Policy Note. http://www.niss.gov.ua/articles/2446
Laqueur, W. (1987). The age of terrorism. Little, Brown. 385
Malyy, V. (2016). The role of financial monitoring in preventing and counteracting the financing of terrorism. Scientific Bulletin of the International Humanities University. Series: Economics and Management, 17, 143-147.
Mamchenko, N. (2022). The Council amended the law on combating money laundering: what are the innovations for financial monitoring entities. https://sud.ua/uk/news/publication/253980-rada-vneslaizmeneniya-v-zakon-protivodeystvie-otmyvaniyudokhodov-poluchennykh-prestupnym-putemkakie-novatsii-dlya-subektov-finmonitoringa
Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation. https://minfin.gov.ru/ru/statistics/fedbud
Morse, J. (2019). Blacklists, market enforcement, and the global regime to combat terrorist financing. International Organization, 73(3), 511-545.
On amendments to certain laws of Ukraine regarding the recognition of an organisation as a terrorist organisation. Draft Law No. 5872. 27.08.2021. http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb2/webproc4_1?pf3511=72658
On amendments to the Law of Ukraine “On Prevention and Counteraction to Legalisation (Laundering) of Proceeds from Crime, Terrorist Financing and Financing of Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction” regarding the protection of the financial system of Ukraine from the actions of the state carrying out armed aggression against Ukraine and adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to certain standards of the Group for the Development of Financial Measures to Combat Money Laundering (FATF) and the requirements of EU Directive 2018/843≫. Bill No 8008 of 07.09.2022 http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb2/webproc4_1?pf3511=74873
On financial services and state regulation of financial services markets: Law of Ukraine. July 12, 2001. № 2664-III. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2664-14#Text
On prevention and counteraction to legalisation (laundering) of proceeds from crime, terrorist financing and financing of proliferation of weapons of mass destruction: Law of Ukraine. 14.10.2014. № 1702-VII. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/361-20
On the fight against terrorism. Law of Ukraine. 31.05.2005. № 2600-IV. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/638-15
On the National Security Strategy of Ukraine. Decision of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine, approved by the Decree of the President of Ukraine. No. 392/2020 of September 14, 2020. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/392/2020#Text
Paziy, V. (2022). Exclusion of the Russian Federation from organizations, blocking of financial operations and accounts. Report of the SFMS on the struggle on the financial front. https://news.obozrevatel.com/ukr/economics/analytics-and-forecasts/viklyuchennya-rf-iz-organizatsij-blokuvannyafinoperatsij-ta-rahunkiv-zvit-derzhfinmonitoringuschodo-borotbi-na-finansovomu-fronti.htm
Poleshko, A. (2022). The European Union recognized Russia as a sponsor of terrorism. What does this mean for Ukraine? https://www.epravda.com.ua/columns/2022/12/29/695573/
Reznikova, O., Misyura, A., Dromov, S. & Voitovsky, K. (2017). Topical issues of countering terrorism in the world and in Ukraine: analytical report Kyiv.
Russia’s financial intelligence was cut off from the civilized world. “Argument.” https://argumentua.com/novini/f-nansovu-rozv-dku-ros-v-dr-zali-vd-tsiv-l-zovanogo-sv-tu
Rysin, V. 2020. Tools to counter the financing of terrorism using financial institutions. Economics and the State, 6, 80-86.
Schmidt, A. (1983). Political terrorism: A research guide to concepts, theories, data bases and literature. Transaction. 599 p.
State financial monitoring: Typological study “Actual methods, methods and financial instruments for financing terrorism and separatism”. (2014). 33, http://www.sdfm.gov.ua/content/file/Site_docs/2014/20141229/tipolog2014.pdf
Ten arrested in Netherlands over bitcoin moneylaundering allegations (2016). https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/jan/20/bitcoinnetherlands-arrestscars-cash-ecstasy
The European Parliament recognised Russia as a state sponsor of terrorism (2022). https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-world/3620258-evroparlament-viznavrosiu-derzavousponsorom-terorizmu.html
The French National Assembly passed a law on the fight against terrorism. https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubricworld/2317828-nacionalni-zbori-francii-uhvalilizakon-pro-borotbu-z-terorizmom.html
Thony, Jean-Francois. (2001). Money laundering and terrorism financing: An overview. https://www.imf.org/external/np/leg/sem/2002/cdmfl/eng/thony.pdf
Tierney, M. (2018). Terrorist Financing: An Examination of Terrorism Financing via the Internet. International Journal of Cyber Warfare and Terrorism, 8(1), 1-11.
Wall, Ri. (2020). Are financial institutions’ counter terrorist financing controls fit for today’s challenges? Journal of Financial Compliance, 3(2), 181-191.
Zelenetskyi, V., & Yemelyanov, V. (2006). Conceptual foundations of defining the categorical and conceptual apparatus in the field of combating terrorism. Crossroud, Kharkiv.
Zharovska, G. (2019). Theory and practice of combating transnational organized crime in Ukraine [Thesis]. National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kiev.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Revista Criminalidad
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Licencia creative commons CC BY NC ND https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/
