Perception of insecurity, victimization and restrictions in daily life according to the life cycle, in Morelos, Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47741/17943108.80Keywords:
victimization survey, crime prevention, criminality factors, fear, crimeAbstract
Studies on the perception of insecurity, victimization and restrictions in daily life in countries with high crime rates are scarce. Objective: examining the awareness of insecurity and victimization, and the routine variations taking place according to age. Method: an adaptation has been made of the National Survey on Victimization and Perception of Insecurity (ENVIPE). A total of 8,170 subjects of both sexes (49.9% women and 50.1% men), between 12 and 75 years old, residents in the State of Morelos, selected from a stratified and proportional probabilistic sampling. Regarding age, the following intervals were established depending on the different stages of the life cycle: [12-17 years] 24%, [18-20 years] 8%, [21-30 years] 14%, [31 and 40 years] 14%, [41 and 60 years] 20% and [61 or above] 20%. Results: Significant differences in the perception of insecurity, victimization and restrictions in daily activities based on age were shown. Adolescents reported greater insight with respect to insecurity and fewer restrictions in their daily lives. Also, adolescents and those over 61 years of age presented lower victimization. Conclusion: adolescents are the most vulnerable
group for victimization; they perceive higher uncertainty and generally introduce fewer changes in their routines to protect themselves from crime. Finally, the results are discussed.
Downloads
References
Aguayo, S. (2014). Atlas de la seguridad y violencia en Morelos. México: Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos y Colectivo de Análisis de la Seguridad con la Democracia.
Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens thorough the twenties. American Psychologist, 55: 469-480.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.5.469
Averdijk, M. (2011). Reciprocal effects of victimization and routine activities. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 27: 125-149.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10940-010-9106-6
Bahena, A. (2015). Victimización, percepción de inseguridad y satisfacción con la vida en contextos de alta criminalidad: un análisis psicosocial en el Estado de Morelos. Sevilla: Universidad Pablo de Olavide.
Braungart, M. M., Richard, G., Braungart & William, J. H. (1980). Age, sex, and social factors in fear of crime. Sociological Focus, 13: 55-66.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.1980.10570360
Brillon, Y. (1987). Victimization and fear of crime among the elderly. Toronto: Butterworth.
Carro, D., Valera, S. & Vidal, T. (2010). Perceived insecurity in the public space: personal, social and environmental variables. Qual Quant, 44: 303-314.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-008-9200-0
Chacón, M. & Téllez, W. (2017). Victimización y "ondas de choque": simulación computacional de la propagación del miedo al crimen. Revista Criminalidad, 59 (1): 9-25.
Clemente, F. & Kleiman, M. B. (1977). Fear of crime in the United States: A multivariate analysis. Social Forces, 56: 519-531.
https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/56.2.519
Consejo Ciudadano para la Seguridad Pública y la Justicia Penal (2014). Ranking de la violencia en municipios y entidades federativas. México.
Crime Concern. (1999). Young people and crime on public transport. Department of the Environment, Transportation and the Regions, UK.
Dammert, L., Salazar, F., Montt, C. & González, P. (2010). Crimen e inseguridad: indicadores para las Américas. FLACSO-Chile/Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID).
Douglas, W. J., Richmond, T. S., Poster, J., Guo, W., Allison, P. D. & Branas, C. C. (2014). Adolescents' fears of violence in transit environments during daily activities. Security Journal, 27 (2): 226-241.
https://doi.org/10.1057/sj.2014.8
Dugan, L. (1999). The effect of criminal victimization on a household's moving decision. Criminology, 37: 903-930.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.1999.tb00509.x
Elashoff, J. D. (2005). nQuery Advisor Version 6.01 User's Guide. Los Angeles.
Ferraro, K. (1995). Fear of crime: Interpreting victimization risk. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Fitzpatrick, K. M. & Boldizar, J. P. (1993). The prevalence of depression among low-income African American youth. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61: 528-531.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.61.3.528
Gale, J. & Coupe, T. (2005). The behavioural, emotional and psychological effects of street robbery on victims. International Review of Victimology 12: 1-22.
https://doi.org/10.1177/026975800501200101
Gibson, C. L., Zhao, J., Lovrich, N. P. & Gaffney, M. J. (2002). Social integration, individual perceptions of collective efficacy, and fear of crime in three cities. Justice Quarterly, 19: 537-564.
https://doi.org/10.1080/07418820200095341
Hale, C. (1996). Fear of crime: A review of the literature. International Review of Victimology, 4: 79-150.
https://doi.org/10.1177/026975809600400201
Hanslmaier, M. (2013). Crime, fear and subjective wellbeing: How victimization and street crime affect fear and life satisfaction. European Journal of Criminology, 10 (5): 515-533.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1477370812474545
Hipp, J. R. (2010). Assessing Crime as a Problem: The relationship between residents' perception of crime and official crime rates over 25 years. Crime & Delinquency, 59 (4): 616-648.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128710382264
Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática (INEGI) (2011). Encuesta Nacional de Victimización y Seguridad Pública. Recuperado de: http://www3.inegi.org.mx/
Johansson, K., Hasselberg, M. & Laflamme, L. (2010). Young adolescents' independent mobility, related factors and association with transport to school. A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 10: 635.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-10-635
Joong-Hwan, O. & Sangmoon, K. (2009). Aging, neighborhood attachment, and fear of crime: testing reciprocal effects. Journal of Community Psychology, 37 (1): 21-40.
https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.20269
Latinobarómetro (2010). Informe Latinobarómetro 2010. Recuperado de: www.latinobarometro.org.
Martínez, B. (2013). El mundo social del adolescente: amistades y pareja. En E. Estévez (Coord.). Los problemas en la adolescencia: respuestas y sugerencias para padres y educadores (pp. 71-96). Madrid: Síntesis.
Martínez-Ferrer, B., Ávila-Guerrero, M. E., Vera Jiménez, J. A., Bahena-Rivera, A. & Musitu-Ochoa, G. (2016). Satisfacción con la vida, victimización y percepción de inseguridad en Morelos, México. Salud Pública de México, 58 (1):16-24.
https://doi.org/10.21149/spm.v58i1.7663
Maxfield, M. G. (1984). The limits of vulnerability in explaining fear of crime: A comparative neighborhood analysis. Research in Crime and Delinquency, 21: 233-250.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0022427884021003004
McKee, K. J. & Milner, C. (2000). Health, fear of crime and psychosocial functioning in older people. Journal of Health Psychology, 5 (4): 473-486.
https://doi.org/10.1177/135910530000500406
Musitu, G., Buelga, S., Lila, M. & Cava, M. J. (2001). Familia y adolescencia: Un modelo de análisis e intervención psicosocial. Madrid: Síntesis.
Molina, J. I. (2014). Miedo al crimen y medios de comunicación: una revisión de la literatura. Revista Criminalidad, 56 (3): 9-23.
Naplava, T. (2008). Kriminalitätsfurcht und registrierte Kriminalität. Monatsschrift für Kriminologie und Strafrechtsreform, 91(1): 56-73.
https://doi.org/10.1515/mks-2008-910105
Pearson, F. S. & Toby, J. (1991). Fear of school-related predatory crime. Sociology and Social Research,75 (3): 117-125.
Rountree, P. W. (1998). A reexamination of the crimefear linkage. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 35 (3): 341-372.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0022427898035003005
Rountree, P. W. & Land, K. C. (1996). Perceived risk versus fear of crime: Empirical evidence of conceptually distinct reactions in survey data.Social Forces, 74 (4): 1353-1376.
https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/74.4.1353
Ruiz, J. I. (2007). Cultura ciudadana, miedo al crimen y victimización: Un análisis de sus interrelaciones desde la perspectiva del tejido social. Acta Colombiana de Psicología 10 (1): 65-74.
Sacco, V. F. & Nakhaie, M. R. (2001). Coping with crime:An examination of elderly and nonelderly adaptations. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 24: 305-323.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-2527(00)00074-1
San-Juan, C., Vozmediano, L. & Vergara, A. (2012). Selfprotective behaviors against crime in urban settings: An empirical approach to vulnerability and victimization models. European Journal of Criminology, 9 (6): 652-667.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1477370812454369
Secretariado Ejecutivo del Sistema Nacional de Seguridad Pública (2013). Incidencia delictiva - Fuero Federal. En Estadísticas y Herramientas de Análisis de Información de la Incidencia Delictiva (Fuero común, Fuero Federal, 1997-2013). Recuperado de: http://www.estadisticadelictiva.secretariadoejecutivo.gob.mx/mondrian/index_ff.html
Serrano Gómez, A. y Vázquez González. (2007). Tendencias de la criminalidad y percepción social de la inseguridad ciudadana en España y la Unión Europea. Madrid: Edisofer.
Skogan, W. (1987). The impact of victimization on fear.Crime and delinquency, 33 (1): 135-154.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128787033001008
Tulloch, M. (2000). The meaning of age differences in the fear of crime: Combining quantitative and qualitative approach. British Journal of Criminology, 40: 451-467.
https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/40.3.451
Vega, J. I. (2016). Percepción de miedo en México: variables que contribuyen a su explicación en Yucatán y Guerrero. Revista Criminalidad, 58(3): 9-20.
Vera, J. A (2011). Percepción de inseguridad en el Estado de Morelos. Informe no publicado.
Vilalta, C. J. (2010). El miedo al crimen en México: estructura lógica, bases empíricas y recomendaciones iniciales de política pública. Gestión y Política Pública, 19 (1): 3-36.
Vilalta, J. C. (2014). Does the mexican war organized crime mediate the impact of fear of crime on daily routines? Crime & Delinquency, 20: 1-17.
Villalba Olivella, J. (2017). Relación entre variables en el miedo al delito. RDUNED: revista de derecho UNED, 20: 657-689.
https://doi.org/10.5944/rduned.20.2017.19482
Vozmediano, L., San Juan, C. & Vergara, A. (2012). Problemas de medición del miedo al delito. Algunas respuestas teóricas y técnicas. Revista Electrónica de Ciencia Penal y Criminología, 10(7): 1-17.
Warr, M. (1984). Fear of victimization: Why are women and the elderly more afraid? Social Science Quarterly, 65: 681-702.
Xie, M. & McDowall, D. (2008). Escaping crime: The effects of direct and indirect victimization on moving. Criminology, 46: 539-575.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2008.00123.x
Yin, P. (1980). Fear of crime among the elderly: Some issues and suggestions. Social Problems, 27:492-504.
https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.1980.27.4.03a00130
Yin, P. (1985). Victimization and the Aged. Springfield, IL:Thomas.
Zimring, F. E. (1997). Crime is not the problem. New York, NY: Oxford.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Licencia creative commons CC BY NC ND https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/
