Semelhanças e diferenças entre mulheres e homens privados de liberdade com comportamentos violentos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47741/17943108.302Palavras-chave:
Prisão, violência, presioneiros, presos, gênero, comportamento agressivoResumo
A violência dentro das prisões chilenas é um problema que existe tanto nas prisões masculinas quanto nas femininas. No entanto, os estudos na população feminina sobre o assunto são limitados. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa analisa os fatores presentes na manifestação de comportamentos violentos em homens e mulheres privados de liberdade, para os quais foram aplicadas entrevistas semiestruturadas a 98 mulheres e 174 homens em duas prisões em Santiago, Chile. Os dados são analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. É investigado quanto às variáveis sociodemográficas, comportamento criminoso, saúde física e mental, serviços e condições estruturais na prisão, manifestação de comportamento violento na prisão, resolução de problemas e o papel dos grupos de pares. Os resultados mostram a presença de uso de drogas na prisão, doenças mentais, acesso limitado ao tratamento químico e a programas de treinamento ou capacitação profissional. As formas de agressão são diferentes entre os grupos, mas as motivações são semelhantes.
Downloads
Referências
Albarello F., Digneffe, F., Hiernaux, J. P., Maroy, C., & Ruquoy, D. (1995). Practiques et méthodes de recherche en sciences sociales. Armand Colin.
Antony, C. (2007). Mujeres invisibles: las cárceles femeninas en América Latina. Nueva sociedad, 208, 73-86. http://bdigital.binal.ac.pa/bdp/artpma/mujeres%20delincuentes.pdf
Barriga Cabanillas, O. (2012). Conductas violentas y hacinamiento carcelario. Desarrollo y Sociedad, (69), 33-71. https://doi.org/10.13043/dys.69.2
Bayer, P., Hjalmarsson, R., & Pozen, D. (2009). Building criminal capital behind bars: Peer effects in juvenile corrections. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 124(1), 105-147.
Berg, M. T., & DeLisi, M. (2006). The correctional melting pot: Race, ethnicity, citizenship, and prison violence. Journal of Criminal Justice, 34(6), 631-642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2006.09.016
Blowers, A. N., & Blevins, K. R. (2015). An examination of prison misconduct among older inmates. Journal of Crime and Justice, 38(1), 96-112. https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2014.924658
Bottoms, A. E. (1999). Interpersonal violence and social order in prisons. Crime and Justice, 26, 205281. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1147687
Brown, K., Cozby, P., Kee, D., & Worden, P. (1999). Research Methods in Human Development. Mayfield Publishing Company.
Cabrera, P. J. (2002). Cárcel y exclusión. Revista del Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos sociales, 35, 83-120.
Celinska, K., & Sung, H. E. (2014). Gender differences in the determinants of prison rule violations. The Prison Journal, 94(2), 220-241. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032885514524882
Córdova, M. (1988). Los condicionantes de la agresión carcelaria. Maracaibo: Universidad del Zulia.
Crespo, F. (2009) Cárceles: Subcultura y violencia entre internos. Revista Cenipec, 28: 123-150. http://www2.scielo.org.ve/pdf/crimi/v37n2/art03.pdf
Dye, M. H, Aday, R. H., Farney, L., & Raley, J. (2014). The rock I cling to: Religious engagement in the lives of life-sentenced women. The Prison Journal 94: 388-408. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032885514537605
Easwaramoorthy, M., & Zarinpoush, F. (2006). Interviewing for research. Canada volunteerism initiative, 1-2.
Escobar, J., González, B., Quiroz, M., & Rodríguez, G. (2008). Decesos en el sistema penitenciario: Una descripción por tipo de muertes. Revista de Estudios Criminológicos Penitenciarios, año VIII (13), 616-636.
Espinoza, O., Martínez, F., & Sanhueza, G. (2014). El sistema penitenciario y su impacto en las personas privadas de libertad. Informe sobre los derechos humanos en Chile 2014. Ediciones UDP.
Fiscalías Judiciales. (2018). Informe principales problemas detectados en las visitas de cárceles realizadas en el año 2017 por los Fiscales Judiciales. https://www.cooperativa.cl/noticias/site/artic/20180219/asocfile/20180219123321/informe_fiscalia_carceles.pdf
Gendarmería de Chile. (2019). Ministerio de Justicia y Derechos Humanos. https://www.gendarmeria.gob.cl/historia.html
Goetting, A., & Howsen, R. M. (1983). Women in prison: A profile. The Prison Journal, 63(2), 27-46.
Grant, L., Kariminia, A., Butler, T., Corben, S., Levy, M.,Kaldor, J., & Law, M. (2006). Extreme cause-specific mortality in a cohort of adult prisoners 1988 to 2002: A data-linkage study. International Journal of Epidemiology, 36(2), 310-316. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyl225
Hacker, F. (1973). Agresión. Estudio sobre la violencia en el mundo moderno. Barcelona: Giralbó.
Houser, K. A., Belenko, S., & Brennan, P. K. (2012). The effects of mental health and substance abuse disorders on institutional misconduct among female inmates. Justice Quarterly, 29(6), 799-828. https://doi.org/10.1080/07418825.2011.641026
Irwin, J., & Cressey, DR. (1962). Ladrones, convictos y cultura de los reclusos. Problemas Sociales, 10 (2), 142-155.
Jiménez-Moya, G., Rodríguez-Bailón, R., Spears, R., & de Lemus, S. (2017). Collective resistance despite complicity: High identifiers rise above the legitimization of disadvantage by the in-group. British Journal of Social Psychology, 56,103-124. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12182
Jolliffe, I. T. (2002). Graphical representation of data using principal components. Principal component analysis, 78-110.
Kerley, K. R., Copes, H., Tewksbury, R., & Dabney, D. A. (2011). Examining the relationship between religiosity and self-control as predictors of prison deviance. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 55,1251-1271. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X11387523
Kigerl, A., & Hamilton, Z. (2016). The impact of transfers between prisons on inmate misconduct: Testing importation, deprivation, and transfer theory models. The Prison Journal, 96(2), 232-257. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032885515618466
King, G. M., Keohane, R. O., & Verba, S. (1994). Designing Social Inquiry: Scientific Inference in Qualitative Research. Princeton University Press.
Krause, M. (1995). La investigación cualitativa: un campo de posibilidades y desafíos. Revista Temas de Educación, 7, 19-40.
Laranjeira, R., Duailibi, S. M., & Pinsky, I. (2005). Alcohol and violence: Psychiatry and public health. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 27(3), 176-177. https://doi.org/10.1590/S151644462005000300004
Lillo, R. (2016). Las cárceles de la violencia. Nova Criminis Revista, 8(12), 263-312.
MacDonald, M. (2013). Reducing California’s overcrowded prison population. Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science, 1(2). https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/themis/vol1/iss1/2
Mansoor, M., Perwez, S. K., Swamy, T.N., & Ramaseshan, H. (2015). A critical review on role of prison environment on stress and psychiatric problems among prisoners. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 6(1), 218-223. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n1s1p218
Martin, S., & Bryant, K. (2001) Gender differences in the association of alcohol intoxication and illicit drug abuse among persons arrested for violent and property offenses. Journal of Substance Abuse, 13(4), 563-581.
Padrón, M. (2006). La violencia carcelaria. Psicología, 24, 97-114.
Paillé, P. (2006). La méthologie qualitative. Postures de recherche et travail de terrain. Armand Colin.
PNUD. Programa de Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo. (2013). Informe Regional de Desarrollo Humano 2013-2014. Seguridad Ciudadana con rostro humano: diagnóstico y propuestas para América Latina. PNUD. http://www.undp.org/content/dam/rblac/img/IDH/IDH-AL%20Informe%20completo.pdf
Posada, A., & Díaz-Tremarias, M. (2008). Las cárceles y población reclusa en Venezuela. Revista Española de Sanidad Penitenciaria, 10(1), 22-27. http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S157506202008000100004&lng=es&tlng=es
Putman, R. (2000). Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. Princeton University.
Randol, B. M., & Campbell, C. M. (2017). Macrocorrelates of inmate violence: The importance of programming in prison order. The Prison Journal, 97(4), 451-474. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032885517711975
Rivera, I., & Forero, A. (2018). Diagnóstico de la violencia institucional en las prisiones de América Latina: Sistemas y buenas prácticas para su respuesta y atención. Herramientas Eurosocial N.º 05/2018. http://eurosocial.eu/files/2019-01/05_HERRAMIENTAS_diagnostico%20violencia%20institucional%20en%20prisiones%20AL_es.pdf
Sanhueza, G., & Pérez, F. (2017). Cárceles concesionadas en Chile: evidencia empírica y perspectivas futuras a 10 años de su creación. Política Criminal, 12(24), 1066-1084. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-33992017000201066
Solinas-Saunders, M., & Stacer, M. J. (2012). Prison resources and physical/verbal assault in prison: A comparison of male and female inmates. Victims & Offenders, 7(3), 279-311. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2012.685218
Sorensen, J., & Cunningham, M. D. (2010). Conviction offense and prison violence: A comparative study of murderers and other offenders. Crime & Delinquency, 56(1), 103-125. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128707307175
Spanovic, M., Lickel, B., Denson., T. F., & Petrovic, N. (2010). Fear and anger as predictors of motivation for intergroup aggression: Evidence from Serbia and Republika Srpska. Group Processes & Intergroup Relationship, 13(6), 725-739. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430210374483
Staton-Tindall, M., Frisman, L., Lin, H. J., Leukefeld, C., Oser, C., Havens, J. R., Prendergast, M., Surratt, H. L., & Clarke, J. (2011). Influencia de la relación y salud comportamiento de riesgo entre las mujeres infractoras que vuelven a ingresar. Problemas de Salud de la Mujer, 21(3), 230-238.
Steinke, P. (1991). Using situational factors to predict types of prison violence. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 17, 119-132. https://doi.org/10.1300/J076v17n01_09
Steiner, B., Butler, D., & Ellison, J. (2014). “Causes and correlates of prison inmate misconduct: A systematic review of the evidence”. Journal of Criminal Justice 42(6), 462-470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2014.08.001
Sykes, G. (1958). The society of captives: A study of maximum security prisons. Princeton University Press.
Tannenbaum, M. B., Hepler, J., Zimmerman, R. S., Saul, L., Jacobs, S., Wilson, K., & Albarracín, D. (2015). Appealing to fear: A meta-analysis of fear appeal effectiveness and theories. Psychological bulletin, 141(6), 1178.
Thomson, N. D., Vassileva, J., Kiehl, K. A., Reidy, D., Aboutanos, M., McDougle, R., & DeLisi, M. (2019). Which features of psychopathy and impulsivity matter most for prison violence? New evidence among female prisoners. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 64, 2633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2019.01.001
Tomar, S. (2013). The psychological effects of the incarceration in conflict with the law. Delhi Psychiatric Journal, 16(2), 64-72.
Trammell, R. (2012). Enforcing the convict code: Violence and prison culture. Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Varela, S. M. (2009). Bocas que (no) gritan: cuerpo y violencia en la cárcel de mujeres. Revista Encuentros Uruguayos, 11(2), 138-157.
Wooldredge, J., & Steiner, B. (2012). Race group differences in prison victimization experiences. Journal of Criminal Justice 40(5), 358-369.
Wright, E. M., Salisbury, E. J., & Van Voorhis, P. (2007). Predicting the prison misconducts of women offenders: The importance of genderresponsive needs. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 23(4), 310-340.
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2021 Revista Criminalidad
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Licencia creative commons CC BY NC ND https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/
